Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research

Effect of flushing feed and tannin-protected arginine on the estrous responses of local goats receiving estrous synchronization with PGF2α

Nurul Isnaini

This study evaluated the effect of flushing feed and tannin-protected arginine on the estrous responses of local does receiving estrous synchronization with PGF2α. A total of 32 local does were randomly allotted into a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with 8 replications. The first factor was flushing feed, namely FF (-): forage + 1.5% rice bran and FF (+): forage + 1.5% flushing feed (TDN = 75.1% and CP: 17.4%). The second factor was tannin-protected arginine, namely TPA (-): 0 mg/kg, and TPA (+): 300 mg/kg. The feeding treatment was provided for two weeks. After that, all does were injected with PGF2α. The estrous responses were observed at 48 and 72 h post-injection. The estrous responses include vulva temperature (VT), vulva length (VL), vulva width (VW), vulva color (VC), vaginal mucus secretion (VMS), restlessness (R), tail raising (TR), and bleating (B). The results showed that FF had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on VT, VL, VW, VC, VMS, R, TR, and B. TPA also did not significantly affect (p > 0.05) all estrous response parameters. In conclusion, flushing feed and tannin-protected arginine have no substantial effect on the estrous responses of local does receiving estrous synchronization with PGF2α.

Evaluation of Locally Prepared Bovine Interferon In Vitro Using ELISA

sahar saber

Bovine ephemeral fever is an arthropod-borne viral disease of domestic cattle and water buffalo. It is caused by Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), a member of the family Rhabdoviridae within the genus Ephemerovirus. BEFV is a single-stranded RNA virus. A cytokine storm is one of the hallmarks of bovine ephemeral fever. Interferons are involved in this storm to a large extent causing some of the sever featured symptoms of the three-day sickness. In this study, a preliminary trial to obtain a reasonable amount of natural Bovine Interferon Alpha (INFα) was carried out by inoculating Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney cells (MDBK) with BEFV. The inoculated off culture was screened for the presence of IFNα using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This attempt resulted in the production of INFα in a concentration of 66.6pg/ml.

Effect of rainfall on cow-calf performances reared under oil palm and cattle integrated farming system

Nurul Isnaini

In this study, the effect of rainfall on cow-calf performances reared under oil palm and cattle integrated farming system was investigated. A total of 200 local cows and 10 Brahman cross bulls were reared under oil palm and cattle integrated farming system. Data of cow-calf performances from two subsequent calving (n total = 400) were recorded and then divided into two groups according to the rainfall and rainy days received for one year backward from the calving date. The rainfall was categorized into low (< 2400 mm) and high (≥ 2400 mm), while rainy days was categorized into low (< 150 d) and high (≥ 150 d). The results showed that rainfall and rainy days did not significantly affect (P>0.05) dam body weight and body condition score. However, the calf born from dam in the high rainfall and rainy days groups had a heavier (P<0.05) birth weight and weaning weight as compared to those in the low rainfall and rainy days groups. This study clearly indicates that the different rainfall and rainy days have no substantial effect on cow performances reared under oil palm and cattle integrated farming system. However, these climatic conditions are essential determining calf performances.

Isolation , Identification and Antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella Pneumonia from Haramaya University Swine Farm, Eastern Ethiopia

Abdallahi Abdurehman

Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the family of Enterobacteriaceae that couse opportunistic diseases with global distribution and important in both humans and animals. The objective this study wasto isolate and identify bacteria, also to determine the antibiotic resistance profile in pig farms,sinceklebsiella is important bacteria involved in antibiotic resistance. A cross-sectional study was carried out from March, 2021 to October, 2021 for isolation and identification of bacteria from fecal sample of apparently healthy pig and environmental sample in Haramaya University’s pig farm. Fecal samples collected aseptically from 33pigs and its enviroments were properly identified and transported in icebox to Microbiology Laboratory in theCollege of Veterinary Medicineat station campus immediately for farther processing. The cultured bacteria tested biochemically for identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing with the Kirby-Bauer method against antibiotics like ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamycin,sulfamethoxazole and tetracyclin. The overall detection rate of klebsiella were 41.74% (n=115) out of the total smplescollected.The higher detection rate of Klebsiella were recorded in female 61.9% (n=21) than male 33.3% (n=12) however, the variation between sex were not statistically significant (P>0.05). This study also revealed the highest rate in age was 57.1% in those with piglet (1week-4 Month),50% in those (5-7month) and 75% in those at ages of above 8 Month showing significant differences (p = 0.000). Of the 48 positive samples of K. pneumoniae, almost all isolates were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline antibiotics. In conclusion, this study may serves asa base line information on klebsiellapneumoniae in pigs and also indicates that the detection rate in apparently healthy pig shedding of Klebsiella in the Haramaya University’s pig farm is high.So careful use of antimicrobials in human and livestock clinical therapy as well as control measures for transmission of Klebsiella pneumoniae between humans and animals isneeded,withincreasing public awareness of the dangers of AMR transmission.

Klebsialle from honey bee

Abdallahi Abdurehman

The gut microbiota of honey bees (Apis mellifera) can be symbiotic or pathogenic and that's why important for bee survival and honey production. The study was conducted with the objectives of isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptability of Klebsiella from digestive tracts of honey bees (Apis mellifera). A Cross sectional purposive type of study was applied to achieve the objectives. A total 60 samples of live adult honey bee were collected by using purposive sampling method from study area . The live adult worker of honey bee was individually surface sterilized and complete alimentary canals of the worker bee was dissected and processed for klebsiella isolation . Descriptive statistics like percentage was used to describe the occurrence of klebsiella species and proportion of klebsiella found in the gut were analyzed for the association with study variables by Pearson Chi-square test. the overall prevalence of klebsiella was 50%. Among these percentage occurrence of klebsiella Pneumoniae was (26.7%) and that of klebsiella Oxytoca was (23.3%). There were statistically significant differences (p=0.026) in the prevalence of klebisella spp among studied site. These isolates were tested with some selected antibiotics by disc diffusion method (Ampicillin, Erythromycin, kanamycin, sulfamethoxazole, Amoxacillin, and gentamicin). From this study, the hihgest level of resistance was determined to ampicillin (84.2%) in klebsiella Pneumoniaea and ampicillin(54.5%) and erythromycin (54.5%) in klebsiella Oxytoca. Equally low level of resistance were determined to (Gentamycin and Amoxacillin) 18.2% in klebsiella Oxytoca and (Gentamycin and Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole) 26.3%. The present finding used morphology and biochemical test to isolate and identify klebsiella species. For absence of similar studies could not be discuss results and recommended that further experiments and studies are needed.