The potency of butanol fraction Syzygium cumini fruit as antimalarial on Plasmodium berghei infected mice

Abstract

Plasmodium berghei is the agent responsible for malaria in rodents. Medicinal plants significantly aid in malaria treatment, with Syzygium cumini fruit showing potential as an antimalarial. This study aimed to investigate the potency of the butanol fraction of Syzygium cumini fruit as an antimalarial on Plasmodium berghei-infected mice, contributing to good health and well-being. Mice were divided into six groups: groups 1 to 4 were treated with the butanol fraction of Syzygium cumini fruit at doses of 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW, respectively, while distilled water served as a negative control and chloroquine at 25 mg/kgBW as a positive control. Each mouse had a thin blood smear sample taken, and after five days, the parasitemia levels were compared to those in untreated mice. The ED50 was calculated using probit analysis to determine the inhibition level over the five days. The results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in parasitemia percentage and inhibition at all doses compared to the negative control. The ED50 of the butanol fraction was determined to be 450 mg/kgBW, classifying it as a medium antimalarial. This study concluded that the butanol fraction of Syzygium cumini fruit has antimalarial potential against Plasmodium berghei in mice, promoting health and well-being.