Adverse effect of chronic oral intubation of MSG on ECG, Endothelin-1, Nitric oxide, ATP synthase activity, and some minerals in male rabbits

Abstract

 Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive with many applications. This substance is toxic to the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of MSG on electrocardiogram alterations and some cardiac biomarkers. Twenty male rabbits were divided into two groups equally and randomly. Group one served as the control group and was intubated with tap water. The second group of rabbits received 8 mg/kg B.W of MSG orally for ten weeks. A cardiac puncture was performed to collect blood samples from rabbits in the 10^th week of the experimental study to evaluate cardiac biomarkers. These included endothelin-1, troponin I, nitric oxide (NO), and enzyme activities such as ATPase and NO synthase in the serum. Furthermore, potassium, sodium, calcium levels, and electrocardiographic intervals (P, QRS, and T) were measured. The present study showed that cardiac troponin I, endothelin-1, ATP synthase, and NO synthase activity levels significantly increased in the MSG-treated animals, while NO synthase activity decreased significantly. Furthermore, the concentration of NO in the serum was found to decrease significantly. Additionally, there was a significant increase in hypernatremia and a significant decrease in hypokalemia. The electrocardiogram recordings of the MSG group showed prolonged waves (P, QRS, T) and intervals (ST, QT) compared to the electrocardiogram records of the control group. This study concluded that administering 8 mg/kg of intubated medication daily for 10 weeks impact the cardiac markers, leading to arrhythmia in the male rabbits.