Current insights into the most common pancreatic diseases in cattle: An updated review

Abstract

Pancreas is one of the biggest and most important glands in cattle. The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions. It produces hormones essential for controlling blood glucose levels, bicarbonate ions that maintain acid-base balance and enzymes that aid in the digestion of feed. Effective pancreatic function is essential for guaranteeing optimal digestion and nutrient intake. Nonetheless, different pancreatic conditions can hinder the effectiveness of this essential organ. The pancreatic diseases in cattle consist of acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, necrosis of pancreatic fat, pancreatic tumors, diabetes mellitus, pancreatic stones and pancreatic fluke infections. This research aimed to identify the different pancreatic diseases impacting cattle currently, examine their effects on pancreatic histopathology and investigate related biochemical alterations to enhance understanding of their influence on cattle health and productivity.