Surgical Anatomy for Desmotomy of the Superior and Inferior Check Ligaments in Donkeys

Abstract

Literature lacks sufficient information regarding anatomical features and surgical approach of the superior check ligament (SCL) and inferior check ligament (ICL) in donkeys. We hypothesized that desmotomy techniques of horses may not be applicable in donkeys due to species differences. This study aimed to explore the anatomical and morphometric features and surgical approaches of desmotomy of SCL and ICL in donkeys (Equus asinus). The Anatomical and morphometric aspects of SCLs and ICLs were conducted on the donkey cadavers (Group A, n. = 4). The desmotomy study was conducted on twelve clinically healthy adult donkeys, which were allocated randomly into four groups (each of 3 donkeys); groups (B) and (C) for surgical exploration of SCLs and ICLs, respectively, and groups (D) and (E) for conducting modified desmotomy techniques of SCLs and ICLs, respectively. The study reported the anatomical and morphometric features of SCL and ICL in donkeys, and reliable landmarks for the surgical approach and desmotomy of SCL and ICL in donkeys, which were somewhat different from that of horses. Moreover, the study developed modifications in the desmotomy techniques of SCL and ICL, which could enhance outcomes and reduce adverse effects of these techniques in donkeys.