Serum Concentration of Some Inflammatory Cytokines, Chemokines and Proteins in Holstein Dairy Cows Affected with FMDV

Abstract

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most contagious diseases affecting cloven hoofed livestock. In order to evaluate serum concentration of some inflammatory mediators which may contribute in FMD pathogenesis, total number of thirty Holstein dairy cows was selected during FMD outbreak in Egypt (summer, 2022) to carry out this study. Fifteen of them were affected with FMD and the remaining was healthy. Serum samples were obtained and analyzed to detect the level of some biomarkers which included tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-gamma (IFN- γ), in addition to serum level of serum amyloid A protein (SAA), mannose binding lectin (MBL),  lactoferrin and monocytes chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1). All the previously listed mediators were significantly elevated in serum of FMD-affected cows, as compared to healthy cows, except the serum level of IL-4 and IL-10; their concentration was significantly decreased in the affected cows. In conclusion, these cytokines, chemokines and proteins are involved and play a key role in pathogenesis of FMD.