The practice of profit-sharing system (Maambi) in goat farming in Polewali Mandar district

Abstract

This study examined goat profit-sharing practices (Maambi) in Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi, using a qualitative phenomenological approach. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, while the sample was determined using purposive stratified sampling in four main subdistricts—Campalagian, Balanipa, Limboro, and Tinambung—with a total of 20 respondents (13 farmers and 7 capital owners). Income analysis was conducted by calculating the difference between revenue and costs, then assessing the 50/50, 60/40, 70/30 profit-sharing patterns and additional models. The results show that the 50/50 scheme is the most balanced, while 60/40 and 70/30 are more profitable for capital owners, and the additional model gives a larger share to farmers. In general, Maambi is able to increase farmers' income by 30–50% while strengthening trust, solidarity, and cooperation. However, practices based on verbal agreements still pose challenges such as weak supervision, unclear division of responsibilities, and uneven distribution of risk.