Genetic diversity of transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-Β3) gene in Kedu chickens

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of TGF-β3 gene in Kedu chickens. The materials used consisted of 10 Kedu chickens derived from different maternal parents. These methods included blood collection, DNA extraction, gene amplification, sequencing, and data analysis. The parameters analyzed were the number of segregating sites, types of mutations, amino acid alteration, allele frequencies, genotype frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), and heterozygosity values. Data analysis was performed using MEGA12 and DNASP v.6. The results showed that there were four mutation points in TGF-β3 gene in Kedu chickens, namely at sites 26, 89, 191, and 214. The HWE values for mutation point at sites 26 and 191 were 0.311, whereas those mutation points at sites 89 and 214 were 0.028, indicating a deviation from equiblirium. The average heterozygosity value in this study was 0.175, which was considered low. An amino acid alteration was observed at site 214, where Serine was changed to arginine. In conclusion, Kedu chicken population exhibits low genetic diversity based on the TGF-β3 gene, as indicated by the number of segregating sites, genotype and allele frequencies, HWE values, and heterozygosity values. The mutation point at site 214 results in an amino acid substitution and has the potential to serve as a candidate genetic marker for the selection of carcass production traits.