Current Review on Mycolic Acid Immunogen of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Authors

  • Mohammed Naji Odhah Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University Yemen
  • Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Paul Bura Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600230 Maiduguri.
  • Eric Lim Teik Chung Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Nur Faeza Mohamad Nor
  • Jefri Mohd Norsidin Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
  • Bashiru Garba Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria.
  • Mohd-Azmi Mohd-Lila Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a disease of sheep and goats caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Members of Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, and Rhodococcus are the CMNR group of bacteria, which are so-called because they possess an outer cell membrane containing mycolic acids (MAs). This outer membrane presumably acts as a permeability barrier that imparts high drug resistance levels to some members of this group. The distinguishing feature of C. pseudotuberculosis is that MAs and phospholipase D (PLD) encoded by a β-corynephage in its genome are putative carriers of the toxins. Almost all members of the CMNR group possess a mycolic acid layer or mycomembrane around the cell wall, which is the main virulence determinant and plays a vital role in bacterial survival. Both PLD and MAss are virulence factors that play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of C. pseudotuberculosis. Phospholipases are glycophospholipid-hydrolyzing enzymes that facilitate bacterial dissemination in the host and assist the bacteria to evade phagocytosis by depletion of complement and impaired chemotaxis of neutrophils. MAs are waxy coat that protects the bacterium from hydrolytic enzymes within lysosomes and enables bacteria to skip phagocytosis and survive within the host cell. This review presents current research information on the mycolic acids of C. pseudotuberculosis and their role in the pathogenesis of the disease which includes host cell responses of acute-phase proteins, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reproductive hormones changes and cellular tissue changes.

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Published

2022-04-02

How to Cite

Odhah, M. N., Jesse, F. F. A., Bura, P., Chung, E. L. T., Mohamad Nor, N. F., Norsidin, J. M., Garba, B., & Mohd-Lila, M.-A. (2022). Current Review on Mycolic Acid Immunogen of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research, 12(2), 177-186. Retrieved from https://advetresearch.com/index.php/AVR/article/view/876

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Review Article

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