The cross-talks between Spirulina, Lagenaria siceraria and glucocorticoids: A review

Abstract

It is the most comprehensive and abundant source of nutrition found in nature. Spirulina contains an assortment of nutrients that are not found in any other source. The algae is rich in prophylactic and therapeutic nutrients, including proteins, minerals, B-complex vitamins, γ-linolenic acid, and superoxidants including β-carotene and vitamin E. Additionally, it contains trace elements and several bioactive compounds that have yet to be fully investigated. Spirulina exhibits a multitude of beneficial and therapeutic properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and antidiabetic effects, due to its apparent capacity to stimulate the entirety of human physiology. It seems that the consumption of Spirulina also stimulates the development of intestinal microflora. Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) is more commonly referred to in Hindi and English as lauki and bottle gourd, respectively. As a vegetable, both the aerial parts and fruits of this plant are frequently ingested. In India, China, European nations, Brazil, the Hawaiian island, and other regions, it has been historically employed medicinally due to its cardiotonic, general tonic, and diuretic attributes. Oil, fruits, leaves, stem, and seeds of Lagenaria siceraria have been utilized historically to treat skin maladies, diabetes, ulcer, piles, colitis, insanity, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.  Pectoral, emetic, sedative, purgative, cooling, diuretic, and antibilious are all properties of the fruit purée. Corticosteroids are among the effective treatments for several medical conditions. On long-term administration, adverse effects including osteoporosis, cataract formation, and muscle atrophy are widely acknowledged and have significant implications for public health. There are numerous reports available that address specific adverse effects. In this review, we would like to throw the light on the medicinal uses of spirulina, and Lagenaria siceraria, and the adverse health effects of corticosteroids.